By Thorkild Kj'rgaard, David Hohnen
This booklet tells the tale of a fertile eu state that, due to over-population and armed forces armament, over-exploited its fields and forests in a nonsustainable style. through the eighteenth century, Denmark, besides different eu nations, discovered itself in an ecological problem: transparent felling of forests, sand flow, floods, insufficient soil fertilization and livestock ailment. This publication explains how the obstacle used to be conquer, and is the 1st try to comprehend early sleek Europe from a always ecological point of view.
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Extra resources for The Danish Revolution, 1500–1800: An Ecohistorical Interpretation
Sample text
In 1760 sand drift flared up again, and although several hundred men laboured to build dykes in accordance with Teilmann's instructions (he died in 1749), the sand could not be stopped. A large-scale private attempt was launched in North Jutland by Birkelse Manor, which in 1759 obtained a royal concession to call upon the farmers of thirteen parishes to make a coordinated effort. 17 Unfortunately, despite these and a few other positive results,18 the situation, as already indicated, worsened steadily with every decade that passed.
Projects were drawn up, but the size of the task and the expense involved caused it to be postponed several times. 42 43 44 otherwise detailed examination of the agricultural work carried out in North Zealand in the course of a year around 1670, Henrik Gerner, a priest, makes no mention of either ditching or digging water furrows (1670). See also Karl-Erik Frandsen 1983, for example, pp. 56—7, 156. Cf. Axel Steensberg 1956, p. 45. Karl-Erik Frandsen 1983, p. 59, also maps pp. 54 and 62. Cf. Carlo Poni 1982, pp.
The annual N-supplement to cultivated land in the eighteenth century has been estimated by S. Jensen (on the basis of calculations by R. S. Loomis in 1978) at between 21 and 36 kg per ha (1987, p. 93). I myself have reached (Thorkild Kjaergaard 1985b) a corresponding result (30 kg per ha); cf. C. P. H. Chorley 1981. In 1984 the average N-supplement per ha of arable land in Denmark was 220 kg. Thorkild Kjaergaard 1985b. Size of grazing areas: S. Jensen 1987, pp. 108-9. 16 Even worse, production was unsustainable because it was ecologically self-destructive.